“DIVERSITY IN UNITY” WITHIN A REVIVALIST ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN INDONESIA AND INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF MUHAMMADIYAH, NAHDLATUL ULAMA AND JAMAAT-E-ISLAMI

Abstract

This paper will examine internal forms of diversity within religious movements using the example of an Islamic revivalist and scripturalist movements in Indonesia and India/Pakistan. Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama and Jamaat-e-Islami India/Pakistan represents an interesting case study of internal plurality within a religious movements, especially when examined through the background of them. Through library research and observation, this study tries to address the leader’s idea, objective, the recruitments and activities. Then, followed by comparative analysis on that. On the other hand, this paper also will explore the similarity of the struggle of Islamic movements in Muslim world were cause by the secular government that undermine the honor of Islam. This idea will in turn be confronted with another reason of why they still in a backward than other civilization. The study find out that because the struggle between secularism and Islam is perpetual but the unity and the strong hold to religion is the recipe for the success in every single challenge that Muslims are facing.